List of state leaders in 1739
1738 state leaders – Events of 1739 – 1740 state leaders – State leaders by year
Africa
Asia
Europe
- Denmark–Norway –
- France –
- Great Britain –
- Guastalla - Giuseppe Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla (1738–1746)
- Holy Roman Empire – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (1711–1740)
- Anhalt-Bernburg – Victor Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (1721–1765)
- Anhalt-Dessau – Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1693–1747)
- Anhalt-Köthen – Augustus Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen (1728–1755)
- Anhalt-Zerbst – John Augustus, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1718–1742)
- Augsburg – Johann Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg, Bishop of Augsburg (1737–1740)
- Austria – Emperor Charles VI, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Styria, etc. (1711–1740)
- Austrian Netherlands –
- Baden-Baden – Louis George Simpert, Margrave of Baden-Baden (1707–1761)
- Baden-Durlach – Charles Frederick, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1738–1811)
- Bamberg – Friedrich Karl von Schönborn, Bishop of Bamberg (1729–1746), also Bishop of Würzburg
- Bavaria – Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria (1726–1745)
- Bohemia – Emperor Charles VI, King of Bohemia (1711–1740), also Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary
- Brandenburg – Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg (1713–1740), also King of Prussia
- Brandenburg-Ansbach – Charles William Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1723–1757)
- Brandenburg-Bayreuth – Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (1735–1763)
- Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel – Charles I, Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbüttel (1735–1780)
- Cologne – Clemens August of Bavaria, Archbishop of Cologne (1723–1761), also Bishop of Hildesheim, Münster, Osnabrück, and Paderborn, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Hanover – George II, Elector of Hanover, also King of Great Britain and Ireland
- Hesse-Darmstadt –
- Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (1678–1739)
- Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (1739–1768)
- Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) – Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, also King of Sweden (1730–1751)
- Hildesheim – Clemens August of Bavaria, Bishop of Hildesheim (1723–1761), also Archbishop of Cologne, Bishop of Münster, Osnabrück, and Paderborn, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Holstein-Glückstadt – Christian VI, Duke of Holstein-Glückstadt (1730–1746)
- Holstein-Gottorp –
- Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1702–1739)
- Karl Peter Ulrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1739–1762)
- Liège – Georges-Louis de Berghes, Bishop of Liège (1724–1743)
- Lübeck – Adolf Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, Bishop of Lübeck (1727–1750)
- Mainz – Philipp Karl von Eltz, Archbishop of Mainz (1732–1743)
- Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Charles Leopold, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1713–1747)
- Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Adolf Friedrich III, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1708–1752)
- Münster – Clemens August of Bavaria, Bishop of Münster (1719–1761), also Archbishop of Cologne, Bishop of Hildesheim, Osnabrück, and Paderborn, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Osnabrück – Clemens August of Bavaria, Bishop of Osnabrück (1728–1761), also Archbishop of Cologne, Bishop of Hildesheim, Münster, and Paderborn, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Paderborn – Clemens August of Bavaria, Bishop of Paderborn (1719–1761), also Archbishop of Cologne, Bishop of Hildesheim, Münster, and Osnabrück, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Palatinate – Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine (1716–1742)
- Palatinate-Sulzbach – Charles Theodore, Duke of Sulzbach (1733–1799)
- Palatinate-Zweibrücken – Christian IV, Duke of Zweibrücken (1735–1775)
- Salzburg – Leopold Anton von Firmian, Archbishop of Salzburg (1727–1744)
- Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld – Christian Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (1729–1745)
- Saxe-Eisenach – William Henry, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (1729–1741)
- Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg – Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1732–1772)
- Saxe-Hildburghausen – Ernest Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1724–1745)
- Saxe-Meiningen – Charles Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (1729–1743)
- Saxe-Weimar – Ernest Augustus I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (1728–1748)
- Saxony – Frederick Augustus II, Elector of Saxony (1733–1763), also King of Poland
- Speyer – Hugo Damian von Schönborn, Bishop of Speyer (1719–1743)
- Teutonic Order – Clemens August of Bavaria, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (1723–1761), also Archbishop of Cologne and Bishop of Hildesheim, Münster, Osnabrück, and Paderborn
- Trent – Anton Dominik von Thun, Bishop of Trent (1730–1748)
- Trier – Franz Georg von Schönborn, Archbishop of Trier (1729–1756), also Bishop of Worms and Provost of Ellwangen
- Worms – Franz Georg von Schönborn, Bishop of Worms (1732–1756), also Archbishop of Trier and Provost of Ellwangen
- Württemberg – Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg (1737–1793)
- Würzburg – Friedrich Karl von Schönborn, Bishop of Würzburg (1729–1746), also Bishop of Bamberg
- Hungary – Charles III, King of Hungary (1711–1740), also Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia
- Ireland – George II, King of Ireland (1727–1760), also King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover
- Lorraine – Stanislaus, Duke of Lorraine (1737–1766)
- Modena – Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena (1737–1780)
- Naples – Charles VII, King of Naples (1734–1759), also King of Sicily
- Papal States – Pope Clement XII, Bishop of Rome (1730–1740)
- Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – Augustus III, King of Poland (1733–1763), also Elector of Saxony
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Portugal – John V, King of Portugal (1706–1750)
- Prussia – Frederick William I, King of Prussia (1713–1740), also Elector of Brandenburg
- Russia – Anna, Empress of Russia (1730–1740)
- Sardinia – Charles Emmanuel III, King of Sardinia (1730–1773)
- Sicily – Charles V, King of Sicily (1734–1759), also King of Naples
- Spain – Philip V, King of Spain (1700–1724, 1724–1746)
- Sweden – Age of Liberty
- Tuscany – Francis Stephen, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1737–1765)
- United Provinces
- Venice – Alvise Pisani, Doge of Venice (1735–1741)
- Wallachia – Constantine Mavrocordatos, Prince of Wallachia (1735–1741)
Middle East and North Africa